On Killing a Tree by Gieve Patel

 

The poem On Killing a Tree is written by Gieve Patel. This poem is included in his poetry collection called Poems, which was first launched by Nissim Ezekiel. This poem describes man’s cruelty to trees. The step by step method of killing a tree is depicted minutely. The poet uses irony and sarcasm to convey his message through this poem.

    The poem begins with the line, “It takes much time to kill a tree.”  The tree has grown over a long period of time, from a little seed to huge tree. One has to spend a lot of time and effort to kill such a tree.

 The tree grows out of Mother Earth. It becomes strong and grows into a big tree absorbing water from the soil, sunshine and air. Its roots run deep into the soil. A simple cut with a knife will not destroy a tree. It has remarkable powers of resilience.

        The Earth is here portrayed as a ‘cave’ the cave being symbolic of the womb. While the root remains hidden in the cave of Mother Earth, the tree will not be seriously injured or damaged.  At some point, Man seems to get this, and so he targets the part of the tree that holds the secret connection between the source of life and the tree, the root. And once, a tree is separated from the earth cave, it becomes vulnerable. Then the colour fades and hardens.  And finally, the tree loses its strength and dies.

        Humans do not think of preserving this earth fit for living for coming generations. His cruelties continue when the tree log is left to scorch and burn in the sun. The poem is also about the endless generosity nature offers to man. His greediness for wealth has made man insensitive and heartless to other organisms. The poet sympathizes with the tree and nature in general as it is being destroyed day-by-day by selfish humans. 

Literary Devices in On Killing a Tree

Metaphor: Metaphors are comparisons in which the two things are equated to each other.

And out of its leprous hide: The disfigured and irregular bark of the tree is compared to the skin of a person with leprosy.

The bleeding bark will heal: The fluid coming from the bark, when the tree is wounded is compared to the blood coming from the skin.

Alliteration: repetition of similar sounds.
Bleeding bark - ‘b’ sound
White and wet - ‘w’ sound

Enjambment: when two lines run together without a pause or a break in meaning.

Not a simple jab of the knife

Will do it. It has grown

Slowly consuming the earth

Rising out of it, feeding

Upon its crust, absorbing

Years of sunlight, air, water,

And out of its leprous hide

Sprouting leaves.

 

Gieve Patel

Gieve Patel was born in 1940 in Mumbai. He is a poet, playwright and painter, as well as a doctor by profession. He has written three books of poetry.

–     Poems (1966)

–     How Do You Withstand (1976)

–     Body and Mirrored Mirroring(1991)

He has three plays to his credit. They are Princes, Savaksa and Mr Behram. He has held several exhibitions of his paintings in India and abroad. He lives in Mumbai. His poetry collection Poems was first launched by Nissim Ezekiel.

He belongs to a group of writers who have subscribed themselves to the 'Green Movement', which is involved in an effort to protect the environment.  His poems speak of deep concerns for nature and expose man's cruelty to it.

Themes in his Poems

Gieve Patel is known as the poet of the body since the human body is a common theme in many of his poems. Social inequalities of caste and class that still play an important role in India, the difficulties of the subaltern people, ecological concerns etc., were the recurring themes in his poems.

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Characteristics of Renaissance Literature

Humanism

     

     Renaissance art was driven by a new notion of humanism. Man began to take interest in his own world rather than the other world. View of literature was predominantly ethical. The moral teaching was secular, not religious. Man began to perceive the positive aspects, his dignity and value rather than the dark and sinful side.

The spirit of discovery and adventure

     The influence of the spirit of discovery and adventure runs through the Renaissance literature. In Shakespeare’s England ocean became the highway of national progress. The spirit of adventure is clearly seen in the renaissance drama. Shakespeare’s The Tempest, Pericles, Merchant of Venice Marlow’s Dr. Faustus, and Tamburlaine etc. are some examples. This spirit helped to create a general tendency to explore all aspects of nature and the world.

The Revival of Classical Learning

     Plato and Aristotle lend immense influence on the renaissance. The revival of classical works and authors influenced to mold and shift the style and technique of literature. Thomas More’s Utopia and Francis Bacon’s New Atlantis have introduced new plot and theme to literature.

Scientific Outlook

     The scientific spirit got changed with the publication of Copernicus’ “On the Revolution of the Celestial Spheres” in 1543. The Copernican system replaced astrology with astronomy. Science and art were intermingled in the early renaissance with artists like Da Vinci entering the field of medicine, aerodynamics, anatomy etc. The previously held truths were questioned and new results were sought in this period of scientific advancement

click here to know about The Renaissance

The Plot of Dattani’s “Tara”

In Tara Mahesh Dattani plays with the idea of female infanticide that is prevalent among the Gujaratis. His deep preoccupation with gender issues leads to the emergence of the idea of the twin side to one’s self – quiet literally embodied in one body and the separation that follows.

Chandan and Tara are conjoined twins. They must be separated for survival. The problem begins when it is recognized that it has been unequal, unfair operation. Even though the doctors were aware that the third leg would suit to Tara better than her brother, they took part in a conspiracy plotted by her family. As a result Chandan gets the second leg and Tara becomes a crippled.

Bharati, the mother of Tara, is anxious about the future of her daughter. She was afraid that the world would not accept Tara when she is a grown up. Her concerns and maternal love towards Tara becomes as part of the burden of guilt she possess.

Chandan enjoyed great preference, while Tara was left to enjoy the position of a subaltern. Tara was more enthusiastic and had high dreams and aspirations, which she couldn’t achieve since she was a handicapped. Bharati’s father further strengthened his indulgence for male grandchild by leaving his property after his demise to Chandan. When it comes to giving the education Tara’s father prefers only Chandan. If Tara had been given moral support by her parents, her life would not be the same.

It is noteworthy that discrimination against Tara continues even after her death. Chandan has changed their story into his own tragedy. He apologizes to Tara for doing so.

Tara is always discouraged, even though she is more intelligent, sharp and witty. Economic and cultural facts have been responsible for the pathetic status of the girl child. All these factors combine to create the social system in which the girl child has to live. Tara is killed by the social system, which controls the minds and actions of the people.